Research assignment
Various news package shows
There are many different news package shows that are broadcasted on today television whether they are formal like on the BBC or informal such as E4 showbiz news.
Some examples of formal newspackage shows would be BBC news at one and hard talk. The BBC news at one is a news package show that informs its audience of todays real life news including news about big stories and parliament. Its structure for the news package show is they usually start off with the main headlines then talk about them headlines in more detail followed by footage of interviews, v.t’s or pictures with data on them. This program’s duration is 3 minutes.
The hard talk show is about factual informative news on world debates and issues for example with politics. The structure of the show starts off with a small introduction to what is going to be talked about then the presenter will usually sit down with the person they are going to interview, this lasts for 30 minutes.
An example of some a more informal approach of news package shows would be for example newsround, showbiz news on MTV and E4 and This morning. Newsround is a news package show which is made for childen by the BBC. Is is shown on the program CBBC and gives out news of the world but with some news that specifically children would be interested in. the structure of the show is they introduce the program with headlines and then talk about the news, they mainly give news that are targeted towards their audience. Such as reports about animals and schools, With V.t’s of children and using music in the background of them. The pace of the news package is quite fast moving keeping that interest level up. The studio is also quite colourful and interesting. It usually lasts 7 minutes.
The MTV showbiz news is a small bulletin of a news package which is about news of film stars and popstars, mainly celebrities. It is set in a colourful studio with the presenter stood up this shows that show is rather informal. It is quite upbeat and fast moving with music playing in the background. Many V.T’s are shown of the celebrities for example, them performing or short interviews with them. The show only lasts 2 minutes.
This morning is more of a magazine show broadcasted on ITV 1 which is a morning show about what’s happening in the world. Some of the topics could be about fashion or general matters not just news. There are two presenters who host the show on a sofa which is more of a informal approach. They usually have guests in to interview. They start by introducing the show and then have a VT of what’s coming up on the show. They cover headlines of in the papers with guest which are involved with that news with some specialist which they will also interview. They also have a different studio where a presenter tells the audience some of news that has been put on social networking sites like twitter.
Content and style of my news package production
As the news package show is going to be about the History of the Manchester college, the style of the program is going to be informative but given in a informal approach. As the program gives relative informal facts, we will also use music on top of the VT which will make the program more interesting preferably for a younger target audience. I am going to have a studio that is designed in a basic way with a chair and a table with some flowers on and black ground with a relevant logo on it. This will give a more comfortable feel to the audience.
The structure and content of the show is firstly, we are going to have an introduction in the studio from the presenter about what the show is about and what going to happen in the show with small V.T’s as they are talking. Then there is going to be an interview with the college librarian about what she remembers of the campus and how she has seen it changed. Many V.T’s will be shown of the campus as she is talking about the specific place. We are then going to go back top the studio where the presenter is going to introduce a V.T of facts about the history of the college. Mainly talking about how the structure has changed and what the campus used to be in its time. This is going to be a number of pictures with a voiceover. The show is then going to go back to the studio where the presenter will introduce the next interviewee which is going to be Sebastian, a member of the college council and student rep and finish off with a conclusion back to the studio. So therefore clips, pictures and factual voiceovers and interviews are going to be included within this show.
Production roles
Producer:
The producer develops and pitched an original idea to a broadcaster. They also may have raised finance from a range of sources to fund the project. They are the person responsible for holding a project together from start to finish delivering the project on time and on budget. They take responsibility of both the creative and administrative areas of the production. They may also need to personally organize and transport the equipment, cast actors, recce locations as well as make sandwiches and cups of tea for the cast and crew members on the shoot.
The researcher is involved in the bulk of the background research of a project, identifying key participants, facts and locations. For example in a news package production the researcher will research into the story and get the sufficient facts needed.
The reporter gathers the factual information through interview, observation and research, they organize the material and writes the story according to prescribed editorial style and format standards, they may also edit or assist in editing the production. They may appear in a television program when conduction taped or filmed interviews or narration. They also may give live reports from site of event or mobile broadcast unit.
The videographer maintains and operates the video equipment, edits select footage and stays up to date with all the new technological advances.
And finally the editor is responsible for assembling raw material into a finished product suitable for broadcasting with adding music or other sound affects or changing the picture with lighting or colour change.
Use of sound/audio
Within most production the use of music is used on some V.T’s for example it could be quite funky, to represent a children’s news show or something smooth to compliment a V.T of pleasant surroundings.
We are going to use some soft music that will compliment the V.T of the building.
Opens: These are the cuts used to begin a newscast, usually accompanied by a vamp straight out of the open (either a stripped or full version of the bumper.) In a news package, opens come in short credit forms (for the main open) and long credit forms (for talent opens.) Some packages even include different lengths of the talent opens for 3 or 4-anchor lineups.
Closes: Closes also come in different formats and lengths, many of which are similar in sound to that package's open. Usually, there are :60, :30, :20, :15, and :10 versions of the close, designed to resolve at a precise time.
Bumpers: These are used primarily before the main open and teasing out to the next segment of a newscast. When the bumper is played, a summary of what will air in the upcoming newscast or later in the newscast will be shown.
Topicals/promo beds: These are the cuts of music used only in promos for a specific upcoming newscast. Topicals come in four types: theme donut/theme donut open beds, ID/promo beds, end theme news open/promo beds, and ID/stingers. These usually correspond with regular promo times (:30, :20, :10, and :05 ID.)
Franchise opens/stingers: Franchise opens or stingers are used to open various segments of a newscast in-show (breaking news, special reports, sports, weather, investigation, etc.)
IDs: This is a short package signature used to identify the television station. It can also be used in conjunction to identify talent. The Federal Communications Commission requires several over-the-air (OTA) stations (including radio stations) to identify themselves at regular intervals by either stating their call letters or brand name (sometimes known, particularly in the United States, as a "sounder" or "stinger", more generally as a station or network ident). Also, an ID can signify a network affiliation such as the NBC chimes or the Fox TV drum-roll.
Utility tracks
Billboards
news styles and graphics
Some news package shows have data or graphs shown as a V.T with voiceovers.
We are going to use text with some facts in from our own research over a V.T of the campus.
The ending credits are also shown with text. Some newspapers can also be shown with the headlines which will be talked about before going into that story in detail.
For example the 60 second news show shows the news in a graphical way which is in a box with a V.T and another box with the presenter talking as with running text scrolling along at the bottom of the screen.
Lighting
Natural lighting and artificial lighting is used when recording on a news package show. When recording outside, no special settings or lighting is required unless it I dark outside then lighting should be used. Inside the studio, upper ceiling lights are used on the presenters. Depending on the ambience of the setting, the lighting could be use softly to present a soft approach from the presenters to the audience or is it’s a serious matter for example a important story then the lighting will be used more strongly.
We are going to be using just two lights on the presenters relatively strong as we want the audience to concentrate on the presenters.
Filming techniques
When filming a news package show, various shot sizes and angles can be used on the presenters and the interviewees as well as the footage on the V.T’s. for example if getting a shot to show someone showing their power, then the camera angle should be lower than their head or if you want to make the person look small and negative then use the camera above there heads on them to make them look powerless. Wide shots or extra long shots can be used when filming a large area for example a birds eye view from a helicopter on a town or an area. when showing an area such as a building a panning shot would be good for this and then to fade out or make the footage go blurry ready for the live broadcast from the studio. Filming techniques such as filming people’s feet as they are walking into a building for example can be a good technique whilst using a voiceover.
Copyright
Copyright protection normally covers the life of the creator. Music clearances are when the director wants to use a piece of music, which was made by another artist. To clear the copyright, the producer has to identify who owns the copyright and clear it ahead of delivery and screening.
A producer will have to make decisions about the type of filming undertaken and consider whether its invading a persons privacy and dignity. Filming in certain sensitive locations such as hospitals, schools, prisons and nursing homes would require permission from the relevant people. In our case we will have to be careful not to get the nursery next door to the campus in shot as children play around there.
Defamation are false comments, accusations or statements which could harm or affect the reputation of a living person or company.
Any shooting on public or private property requires permission. This must be negotiated with the owners in advance. The producer will need to ensure that a location agreement or permit is signed.
Public liability insurance is necessary when filming. This legally covers the production against any injury or accident to members of the public or damage to building as a result o filming.
| Hazard | Severity | Likelihood | Risk | Control Measures | Risk Rating |
| Tripping over wires in the studio | 2 | 2 | 4 | Tape the wires to the floor or put mats over them | 1 (low) |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Car park – running over by cars | 5 | 2 | 10 | Get the runner to watch out for running cars around | 6 (low) |
| 3 | 2 | 6 | |||
| Library- books falling on people | 3 | 3 | 6 | Keep the equipment for example the tripod and camera away from the book shelves | 4 (low) |
| 2 | 2 | 4 | |||
| People walking into camera equipment with plates/crockers | 3 | 3 | 6 | Makesure people are aware of the equipment and watch everyone around you at all times | 4 (low) |
| 2 | 2 | 4 | |||
| The sports hall: parts of building falling down- looks unsafe | 4 | 2 | 8 | Get the site manager to make sure it is safe before entering the hall and watch out for any gym balls around (e.g tennis bals) | 2 (low) |
| 1 | 2 | 2 |
A Severity B.Likelihood C. Risk rating (when A x B = C)
1. Trivial 1. Highly Improbable 1 – 9 = (LOW)
2. Minor 2. Remotely Possible 10 – 19 = (MEDIUM)
3. Major to 1 person 3. Occasional Occurrence 20 – 36 = (HIGH)
4. Major to 2 + persons 4. Frequent Occurrence
5. Death to 1 person 5. Regular Occurrence
6. Death to 2+ persons 6. Common Occurrence
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